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335:流感與一般感冒有什麼不一樣？<br><table width=800 border=8><tr><td bgcolor=cyan><p>Q: &nbsp;什麼是流感？</p>
<p>A:主要症狀是什麼？流感是由流感病毒引起的急性呼吸道感染疾病。流感病毒有A、B及C型，A型和B型幾乎每年引起季節性的流行，C型則以輕微的上呼吸道感染為表現，且一般不會造成流行。流感症狀包括發燒、頭痛、流鼻水、喉嚨痛、咳嗽、肌肉酸痛及疲倦等。高危險群的病患，可能引發嚴重併發症，甚至導致死亡；最常見併發症為肺炎，其他還可能併發中耳炎、鼻竇炎、腦炎、心肌炎、心包膜炎等。</p>
<p>Q: &nbsp;流感與一般感冒有什麼不一樣？</p>
<p>A:感冒的致病原是多達數百種的不同病毒和細菌，流感則是由流感病毒引起的急性呼吸道傳染病。和一般感冒相比，流感容易出現明顯的頭痛發熱、倦怠、肌肉酸痛等症狀，且通常症狀發作較突然，痊癒所須時間比一般感冒長，約需1-2週甚至數週才能完全恢復，而且容易引發併發症，甚至導致死亡。</p>
<p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;流感與一般感冒的差別</p>
<p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;項目 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 流感 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;一般感冒</p>
<p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 病原體 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;流感病毒 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;呼吸道融合病毒、腺病毒等</p>
<p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 影響範圍 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 全身性 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 呼吸道局部症狀</p>
<p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 發病速度 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;突發性 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;突發 / 漸進性</p>
<p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 臨床症狀 &nbsp; &nbsp; 喉嚨痛、倦怠、肌痠痛 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;喉嚨痛、噴嚏、鼻塞</p>
<p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;發燒 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;高燒 3-4 天 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;少發燒，僅體溫些微升高</p>
<p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;病情 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;嚴重、無法工作 / 上課 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;較輕微</p>
<p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;病程 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;約 1-2 週 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 約 2-5 天</p>
<p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;併發症 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;肺炎、神經症狀（雷氏症候群） &nbsp; 等少見（中耳炎或其他）</p>
<p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 流行期間 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;冬季多 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 春秋冬季</p>
<p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 傳染性 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;高傳染性 &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 傳染性不一</p>
<p>Q: &nbsp;流感的傳染途徑、潛伏期與可傳染期為何？</p>
<p>A:1.流感主要藉由咳嗽、打噴嚏等飛沫傳染方式，將病毒傳播給周圍的人，亦可能因接觸到污染物表面上的口沫或鼻涕等黏液，再觸摸自己的口、鼻而傳染，因此個人衛生及洗手是預防傳染的重要事項。2.流感潛伏期（被感染至症狀出現）約1-4天；罹患流感的人，在發病前1天至症狀出現後的3-7天都可能會傳染給別人，而幼童的傳播期則可能更長。</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p>Q: &nbsp;預防流感，居家環境應如何清潔?</p>
<p>A:1.平時定期清潔經常接觸的物品，如鍵盤、課桌椅、門把以及公用電話，但沒有必要使用漂白水等特殊清潔劑。2.留置流感病患的場所，病毒污染程度較高，因此可採取下列方式消毒：(1)使用政府核可的消毒藥品。(2)使用濃度70%的酒精消毒室內環境表面，或將3份95%的酒精加1份水（比例3:1）稀釋後再消毒。(3)如果沒有酒精，可以將1份的市售漂白水加上99份水（比例1：99）稀釋後再進行消毒。3.流感病毒可於空氣不流通的室內散播，故室內應該保持空氣流通。</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p></table><br> select id,article_id,topic,text from lt_articles_text where article_id =335; ok.
update lt_articles set num_reads=num_reads +1 where id=335; ok.